The African Rift Valley in Tanzania
The portion of the Rift Valley that runs through East Africa is characterized by a dramatic treed escarpment, alkaline lakes such as Lake Manyara, and nearby volcanoes such as Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Meru, and Ngorongoro Crater. The volcanic ash has produced a mineral rich soil.
A hard pan layer forms in this volcanic soil in large areas and makes it difficult for tress to grow which why the Northern Park Circuit is mainly a Savannah topography. Savannah can support a higher density of animals than any other land type.
On the savannah there are these weathered rock islands known as Kopjes formed at a time when lava bubbled up through from the earths crust. The soil adjacent to the kopjes is typically wetter than the surrounding Savannah.
The Rift Valley in East Africa has been a rich source of fossils that allow study of human evolution most notably at Oldepai Gorge in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area.
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